As the FIFA World Cup is gearing up for the grande finale in New York this weekend, international law enforcement offices look back at one of the largest anti-piracy efforts in sports history.
With help from private and public partners from all over the world, authorities seized well over a thousand domain names of pirate sports streaming sites. In the United States, the effort was branded “Operation Offsides”, which initially targeted nearly 400 domain names offering unauthorized World Cup streams. That turned out to be just the start.
Operation Offsides
Note: More details were released on July 20 by the DoJ and ACE. These are available below.
The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) announced Operation Offsides on June 26, targeting pirate sites that streamed World Cup matches. The seizure warrant was filed in the Eastern District of Virginia, but this appears to be sealed, as we were unable to locate a copy in the court database.
The DOJ and Homeland Security Investigations ran a similar crackdown during the 2022 Qatar World Cup, seizing 78 domains at the time. The 2026 action is at least five times larger, however, and was the result of international cooperation.
The domains were identified with assistance from FIFA, beIN Media Group, NBCUniversal, ACE, the UFC, and Warner Bros. International coordination through the DOJ’s ICHIP network extended the operation’s reach to Peru and Bulgaria, described in the announcement as known centers of online piracy activity, with supporting actions in Croatia, Romania, Poland, and Colombia.
The authorities did not mention any domains by name but TorrentFreak traced many through passive DNS data, with the current tally at 627 identified domains (listed below). While the seizures hit several major sports streaming sites, other popular sites operating under foreign-registry TLDs outside U.S. jurisdiction managed to survive.
Visitors of the blocked domain names, meanwhile, ran into the following splash banner, listing many of the partners involved.
The seizure banner
The “Operation Offsides” seizures came in waves. Last weekend, more than 100 additional domains were seized, many of them fallback domains that pirate sites had switched to after the initial round. That same report also revealed that several operators switched to Iranian .ir fallback domains, in an effort to switch to infrastructure that is harder for U.S. law enforcement to reach.
Colombia Leads “Operation Red Card”
Two days before the World Cup final, Colombia’s Fiscalía General announced the results of a separate multinational enforcement effort it had coordinated under the name “Operación Tarjeta Roja” (Operation Red Card).
The international action brought together prosecutors, law enforcement agencies, and public ministries from nine countries: Colombia, the United States, Ecuador, Peru, Paraguay, Argentina, the Dominican Republic, Brazil, and Chile, with support from private-sector audiovisual and sports organizations.
In Colombia alone, 1,140 domains and URLs used for unauthorized sports streaming were ‘blocked’. Across all participating countries, the total reached 1,840. Similar to the U.S. operation, the authorities did not name any domains.
“While the planet focused on the FIFA World Cup 2026, a group of nations went after the structures that profit from counterfeiting and theft of digital content,” said Fiscalía’s Raúl González Flechas, commenting on the news.
The Colombian operation, which targeted both counterfeiting and piracy, also resulted in 15 arrests. Four suspects in Soacha, near Bogotá, were accused of hacking into a telecom company’s platforms to offer cheap ‘pirated’ cable TV, posing as employees of the company. Two of the four accepted the charges.
Separately, 11 people running shops selling counterfeit World Cup merchandise were charged with trademark infringement and related offenses. Authorities seized 4,223 counterfeit sports items, 11,353 fake logos ready to be applied to garments, and 2,150 counterfeit Colombian Football Federation shields during raids in Bogotá, Itagüí, Cali, Acacías, and Bucaramanga.
Argentina Blocks FútbolLibre
Argentina also contributed to Operación Tarjeta Roja earlier in the tournament. In early July, the country’s UFECI cybercrime unit opened investigations against three platforms: Stella TV, Tele Latino, and sites associated with FútbolLibre, one of the most widely used pirate sports streaming brands in the country.
FútbolLibre had already been under investigation since 2022. This time, complaints from rightsholders DirecTV and Personal Flow provided additional evidence.
Three federal judges ordered ENACOM, Argentina’s communications regulator, and NIC Argentina, the country’s domain registry, to block access to 14 platforms and sites. However, as is often the case, there is no shortage of copycats using the same brands.
Pirate Ad Revenue Targeted
The enforcement wave was not limited to government action. The Trustworthy Accountability Group (TAG) previously announced that it had cut off advertising revenue to 1,376 sites that illegally streamed sports or offered other World Cup content, through its Pirate Domain Exclusion List.
Rather than targeting domains directly, TAG aims to starve pirate streaming site operators of the ad revenue, so they will eventually give up.
“Global sporting events like the World Cup are prime targets for criminals who try to intercept legitimate ad dollars by stealing popular streaming content,” said TAG COO Rachel Nyswander Thomas.
More Results Expected
With the World Cup final set for this weekend, additional enforcement results from other participating countries may still be announced.
Whether these combined efforts have had lasting impact on pirate sports streaming availability has yet to be seen. The disruption certainly has an effect, but the enforcement efforts have also shown that some pirate site operators are resilient.
The success of these and future enforcement efforts will largely depend on how far the reach of the international authorities goes, and whether pirate site operators can still find unblocked fallback infrastructure. By the next World Cup in 2030 we should know more.
This article will be updated if more results from participating countries or partners come in.
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Update July 20: A day after the World Cup final, the DOJ announced that Operation Offsides seized more than 1,000 domains across three separate enforcement actions during the tournament, up from the “nearly 400” cited in its original June announcement._
“The sustained effort to seize more than a thousand domains dedicated to illegally streaming the World Cup confirms the administration’s commitment to intellectual property rights and to the success of the 2026 FIFA World Cup,” said Assistant Attorney General A. Tysen Duva.
_
The updated release also provides the first country-by-country breakdown of Operation Red Card’s blocking results: Colombia blocked 1,140 domains, the Dominican Republic 256, Ecuador 223, Brazil 309, Peru 28, and Argentina 14, totaling 1,970 across the region.
The DOJ confirmed that the two operations were coordinated through the ICHIP network, with ICHIP São Paulo and the ICHIP for Internet-Based Fraud and Public Health bringing together prosecutors from all eight participating Latin American countries for a two-day meeting in Bogotá on July 1 and 2.
ICHIP Bucharest separately coordinated efforts with Europol and European counterparts to combat illegal streaming during the World Cup.
The release also named the Colombian cybercriminal group behind the Soacha arrests: “Los Ciberinfiltrados,” which the DOJ says had been illegally accessing telecommunication systems since 2024 and sold pirated streaming content, including World Cup matches, using fraudulent credentials, VPNs, interception of security codes, and manipulation of corporate system profiles.
ACE separately confirmed that it delivered more than 3,000 leads for suspected piracy domains to the IPR Center and that the operation involved 14 partners across 54 countries.
“Operation Offsides showed us what’s possible when rightsholders and law enforcement move quickly against shared targets,” said Charles Rivkin, Chairman and CEO of the MPA and Chairman of ACE.
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_
Below is a non-exhaustive and non-verified list of 627 domain names that, according to information gathered by TorrentFreak, were seized as part of Operation Offsides.
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